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SQL Formatter

Format and beautify SQL queries. Supports MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite, T-SQL, PL/SQL, and more.

Dialect

Keywords

Indent

SQL Input

Formatted SQL

SELECT
  u.id,
  u.name,
  u.email,
  count(o.id) AS order_count
FROM
  users u
  LEFT JOIN orders o ON o.user_id = u.id
WHERE
  u.created_at > '2024-01-01'
  AND u.status = 'active'
GROUP BY
  u.id,
  u.name,
  u.email
ORDER BY
  order_count DESC
LIMIT
  50

About this tool

SQL formatting improves readability by standardizing keyword case (typically UPPERCASE), adding consistent indentation, and placing each major clause (SELECT, FROM, WHERE, JOIN, GROUP BY, ORDER BY) on its own line. Raw SQL from ORM debug output, query logs, or concatenated strings is often a single unbroken line that is difficult to parse visually. Well-formatted SQL significantly reduces the time needed to understand a query's logic.

SQL has multiple dialects with significant syntax differences. PostgreSQL supports $1-style parameterized queries, dollar-quoted string literals, and RETURNING clauses. MySQL uses backtick quoting for identifiers and has some non-standard syntax. SQL Server (T-SQL) uses square bracket quoting, the TOP clause instead of LIMIT, and different date functions. Oracle (PL/SQL) uses ROWNUM for row limiting and has a large set of proprietary functions. Using the correct dialect ensures the formatter handles dialect-specific syntax correctly.

Beyond formatting, readable SQL is essential for performance optimization. When analyzing query execution plans (EXPLAIN or EXPLAIN ANALYZE in PostgreSQL, EXPLAIN in MySQL), formatted SQL makes it much easier to correlate execution plan nodes with specific parts of the query. Complex queries with multiple CTEs (Common Table Expressions using WITH), subqueries, or window functions (OVER PARTITION BY) particularly benefit from careful formatting and indentation to show the logical structure clearly.